Active and Passive Voice

Active and Passive Voice

Voices dalam konteks ini merupakan bentuk dari kata kerja yang menunjukan subjek melakukan sesuatu atau sesuatu telah dilakukan oleh subjek, oleh karena itu kata kerja bahasa inggris voice dibagi menjadi 2 macam yaitu: Active voice and Passive voice.

Active Voice (kalimat aktif)
adalah kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan suatu tindakan atau perbuatan.
Contoh:
• Miss Julian calls the girl
• We killed a bird
Kedua kalimat diatas merupakan kalimat aktif karena subjeknya masing-masing kalimat secara aktif melakukan perbuatan, yaitu calls (memanggil), killed (membunuh).

Passive Voice (kalimat pasif)
adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai suatu tindakan atau pekerjaan dan secara tata bahasa inggris diawali oleh kata depan / (preposition) input by yang artinya oleh.
Contoh:
• The girl is called by miss yohana
• A bird is killed by us
Kedua contoh kalimat diatas adalah kalimat pasif, karena subjeknya masing-masing kalimat dikenai tindakan atau pekerjaan aktif melakukan perbuatan yaitu calls (memanggil), killed (membunuh).

Cara-cara untuk membuat kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif.
Untuk membuat kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif maka ada beberapa cara atau langkah yang harus diperhatikan, yaitu:
1. Kalimat aktif yang akan diubah harus memiliki Objek. Dalam hal ini kata kerja yang digunakan adalah kata kerja yang memerlukan objek.
2. Subjek dalam kalimat aktif diubah menjadi objek pada kalimat pasif, dan sebaliknya objek pada kalimat aktif diubah menjadi subjek dalam kalimat aktif.
3. Kata kerja kalimat pasif harus berbentuk past participle (kata kerja bentuk ketiga) atau yang didahului to be (is, am, are,was, were, being, been) yang diikutioleh by (oleh).

Kalimat Akti-Pasif berdasarkan bentuk-bentuk tense adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Simple Present Tense
•Aktif : Hafizz read a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book is read by Hafizz

•Aktif : Dody doesn’t read an English book
•Pasif : An English book isn’t read by Dody

•Aktif : Does Mira read an English book?
•Pasif : Is an English book read by Mira?

•Aktif : What does Mega read?
•Pasif : What is read by Mega?

•Aktif : Who reads an English book?
•Pasif : Who is an English book read by?

2. Present Continouse Tense
•Aktif : Bayu is reading a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book is being read by Bayu

•Aktif : Dewi isn’t reading an English book
•Pasif : An English book isn’t being read by Dewi

•Aktif : Is Dani Reading an English book?
•Pasif : Is an English book being read by Dani?

•Aktif : What is Maya reading?
•Pasif : What is being read by Maya?


3. Past Continouse Tense

•Aktif : Diva was reading a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book was being read by Bayu

•Aktif : Dewi wasn’t reading an English book
•Pasif : An English book wasn’t being read by Dewi

•Aktif : Was Dani Reading an English book?
•Pasif : Was an English book being read by Dani?

•Aktif : What was Tama reading?
•Pasif : What was being read by Tama?

•Aktif : Who was reading an English book?
•Pasif : Who was an English book being read by?


4. Past Perfect Continouse Tense
•Aktif : Kasta had been reading a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book had been read by Kasta

•Aktif : Bima hadn’t been reading an English book
•Pasif : An English book hadn’t been read by Bima

•Aktif : Had Dani been Reading an English book?
•Pasif : Had an English been book being read by Dani?

•Aktif : What had Yogi been being reading?
•Pasif : What had been being read by Yogi?

•Aktif : Who had been reading an English book?
•Pasif : Who had an English book been being read by?


5. Past Perfect Tense
•Aktif : Kasta had read a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book had been read by Kasta

•Aktif : Bima hadn’t readi an English book
•Pasif : An English book hadn’t been read by Bima

•Aktif : Had Dani Read an English book?
•Pasif : Had an English book been read by Dani?

•Aktif : What had Yoga read?
•Pasif : What had been read by Yoga?

•Aktif : Who hada a Biology book?
•Pasif : Who had a Biology book been read by?


Referensi Buku:
1. Practical Completen English Grammar. M.J.Lado, Titik Terang
2. Successful Strategies for TOEFL. Tumijo,Spd, Drs. Slamet Riyanto,M.pd with LTI. Pustaka Widyatama
3. Grammar Praktis. Drs. Haeruddin Sudibja. Gemagung Ikhtiari
4. Buku Pintar English Grammar, Muhammad Jauhar, Publisher
5. English Grammar for General Applciation, Dony Haryanto-Drs. Rudy Hariyono, Gitamedia Press.